{"id":2696,"date":"2024-01-22T16:29:11","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T15:29:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.amadalamazigh.press.ma\/tamazight\/?p=2696"},"modified":"2024-01-22T16:29:11","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T15:29:11","slug":"%e2%b5%9c%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%99%e2%b5%84%e2%b4%b7%e2%b5%89%e2%b5%9c-%e2%b5%a2%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%99%e2%b5%89%e2%b5%8f-%e2%b5%9c%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%8e%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%99%e2%b5%99%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%8f%e2%b5%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.amadalamazigh.press.ma\/tamazight\/%e2%b5%9c%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%99%e2%b5%84%e2%b4%b7%e2%b5%89%e2%b5%9c-%e2%b5%a2%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%99%e2%b5%89%e2%b5%8f-%e2%b5%9c%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%8e%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%99%e2%b5%99%e2%b4%b0%e2%b5%8f%e2%b5%9c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d59\u2d44\u2d37\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d62\u2d30\u2d59\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d3c\u2d33\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d37 \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d54\u2d63\u2d53\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d37\u2d63\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54\u2d49\u2d5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\u2d5c\u2d4d\u2d53\u2d4d \u2d33 14 \u2d4f\u2d53\u2d61\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d31\u2d49\u2d54 1949 \u2d33 \u2d31\u2d53\u2d37\u2d4a\u2d4d\u2d4d\u2d49\u2d4d, \u2d4f\u2d5c\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d5c \u2d37 \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d3c\u2d33\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c, \u2d37 \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d54\u2d63\u2d53\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d37\u2d63\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54\u2d49\u2d5c, \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d65\u2d30\u2d63\u2d62\u2d5c \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d37\u2d4d\u2d59\u2d30 \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d5c. \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d4e\u2d40\u2d30\u2d4d\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d63\u2d54\u2d30\u2d61\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d4f\u2d4e\u2d4d \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d63\u2d54\u2d30\u2d61\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d3c\u2d4d\u2d30\u2d62\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d53\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d4f.<\/p>\n

\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d59\u2d44\u2d37\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d62\u2d30\u2d59\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d5c\u2d53\u2d40, \u2d5c\u2d4d\u2d53\u2d4d \u2d33 14 \u2d4f\u2d53\u2d61\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d31\u2d49\u2d54 1949 \u2d33 \u2d53\u2d59\u2d53\u2d4f \u2d30\u2d5c \u2d59\u2d49\u2d37\u2d49 \u2d31\u2d55\u2d30\u2d40\u2d49\u2d4e \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d33\u2d54\u2d30\u2d61\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d31\u2d53\u2d37\u2d4a\u2d4d\u2d4d\u2d49\u2d4d \u2d33 \u2d4d\u2d47\u2d31\u2d30\u2d62\u2d4d (\u2d37\u2d37\u2d63\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54)<\/p>\n

\u2d5c\u2d49\u2d61\u2d53\u2d54\u2d49\u2d61\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d4f\u2d4f\u2d59:<\/strong><\/p>\n

– 1987: \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d37\u2d62\u2d30\u2d63\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d5c \u2d37 \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d33\u2d49\u2d5c: \u2d47\u2d30\u2d59\u2d49 \u2d30\u2d37\u2d49\u2d3c\u2d4d\u2d4d\u2d30 \u2d40\u2d49\u2d55\u2d53\u2d4d \u2d4f \u2d30\u2d5c \u2d59\u2d49\u2d37\u2d49 \u2d31\u2d55\u2d30\u2d40\u2d49\u2d4e, \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63, \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d37\u2d37\u2d30\u2d54\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d4f \u2d53\u2d3c\u2d33\u2d30\u2d4f, \u2d30\u2d59\u2d4e\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d37 \u2d4e\u2d53\u2d4d\u2d53\u2d37 \u2d4e\u2d44\u2d4e\u2d4e\u2d54\u2d49.<\/p>\n

– 1987: \u2d49\u2d63\u2d4d\u2d49 \u2d4f\u2d49\u2d56 \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54\u2d49 \u2d49\u2d5c\u2d5c\u2d53\u2d54\u2d30\u2d54\u2d4f \u2d33 \u2d4d\u2d47\u2d31\u2d30\u2d62\u2d4d, \u2d30\u2d59\u2d4e\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d37 \u2d31\u2d62\u2d49\u2d54 \u2d31\u2d53\u2d55\u2d37\u2d62\u2d53, \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63, \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d4f \u2d53\u2d3c\u2d33\u2d30\u2d4f – (ISBN 273510253X).<\/p>\n

– 1989: \u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c \u2d4e\u2d4f\u2d33\u2d4d\u2d30\u2d5c \u2d37\u2d30 \u2d49\u2d5c\u2d5c\u2d49\u2d54\u2d49\u2d54, \u2d49\u2d63\u2d4d\u2d30\u2d4f \u2d49\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d4f \u2d49\u2d5c\u2d54\u2d30\u2d54\u2d4f, \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63, La D\u00e9couverte, (ISBN 2707118877) \u2d30\u2d59\u2d4e\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d37 \u2d3d\u2d30\u2d5c\u2d49\u2d31 \u2d62\u2d30\u2d59\u2d49\u2d4f.<\/p>\n

– 1992: \u2d4d\u2d47\u2d31\u2d30\u2d62\u2d4d. \u2d49\u2d3c\u2d54\u2d37\u2d49\u2d59\u2d4f \u2d4f \u2d53\u2d54\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59 \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d33\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d63\u2d49\u2d56\u2d5c \u2d33 \u2d37\u2d37\u2d63\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54, \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63 GDM – (ISBN 2-906589-13-6).<\/p>\n

– 1992: \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54\u2d49 \u2d37 \u2d49\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d54\u2d53\u2d54\u2d4f \u2d37 \u2d61\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d53\u2d4f\u2d4f \u2d33 \u2d62\u2d49\u2d65\u2d65\u2d4d\u2d4e\u2d39 \u2d4f \u2d62\u2d49\u2d3c\u2d54\u2d49\u2d47\u2d62\u2d30 \u2d37 \u2d5c\u2d4f\u2d63\u2d54\u2d53\u2d3c\u2d5c, \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63, \u2d4d\u2d30\u2d55\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f (ISBN 2738417620).<\/p>\n

– 1993: \u2d49\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d3d\u2d54\u2d4f \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d3d\u2d30\u2d5c, \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63, La D\u00e9couverte, (ISBN 2707122890)<\/p>\n

– 1995: \u2d5b\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d3c \u2d45\u2d37\u2d37\u2d30\u2d4e \u2d4f\u2d49\u2d56 \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54\u2d49 \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d65\u2d53\u2d55\u2d49, La D\u00e9couverte, (ISBN 2707124192)<\/p>\n

– 1995: \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d37\u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c \u2d4f\u2d49\u2d56 \u2d49\u2d4e\u2d4f\u2d56\u2d49 \u2d4f \u2d62\u2d30\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d56\u2d30\u2d54\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d37\u2d63\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54\u2d49\u2d5c: \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d59\u2d4f\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d55\u2d53\u2d4f\u2d31\u2d53\u2d4d\u2d53\u2d4a\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d61\u2d30\u2d5f\u2d5f\u2d30\u2d4f, \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63, \u2d30\u2d61\u2d30\u2d4d\/ publisud, (ISBN 2866007581)<\/p>\n

– 1996: \u2d4f\u2d61\u2d30\u2d55\u2d30, \u2d30\u2d37\u2d4d\u2d49\u2d59 \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d37\u2d62\u2d30\u2d63\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d62\u2d30\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d56\u2d30\u2d54\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d47\u2d31\u2d30\u2d62\u2d4d\u2d49\u2d5c.<\/p>\n

\u2d5c\u2d56\u2d54\u2d30 \u2d5c\u2d53\u2d5c\u2d4d\u2d30\u2d62\u2d5c \u2d37 \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d3d\u2d4d\u2d30 \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d5a\u2d31\u2d4d\u2d62\u2d53\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d37\u2d30\u2d61\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d37\u2d37\u2d63\u2d30\u2d62\u2d54, \u2d5c\u2d53\u2d4e\u2d65\u2d5c \u2d30\u2d59\u2d4d\u2d3d\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d4f\u2d4f\u2d59 \u2d33 \u2d53\u2d59\u2d33\u2d33\u2d6f\u2d30\u2d59 \u2d4f 1980.<\/p>\n

\u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d5c\u2d5c\u2d49 \u2d59 \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63 \u2d33 \u2d53\u2d59\u2d33\u2d33\u2d6f\u2d30\u2d59 \u2d4f 1987 \u2d30\u2d37 \u2d5c\u2d39\u2d3c\u2d55 \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d56\u2d54\u2d49 \u2d4f\u2d4f\u2d59, \u2d33 \u2d53\u2d59\u2d33\u2d33\u2d6f\u2d30\u2d59 1992, \u2d5c\u2d53\u2d4e\u2d65 \u2d37\u2d37\u2d53\u2d3d\u2d5c\u2d53\u2d55\u2d30 \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d3c\u2d33\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d59\u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d37\u2d30\u2d61\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d31\u2d30\u2d54\u2d49\u2d63 – \u2d5a\u2d53\u2d55\u2d31\u2d53\u2d4f. \u2d5c\u2d37\u2d61\u2d4d \u2d39\u2d30\u2d55\u2d5c \u2d4f\u2d4f\u2d59 \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d4e\u2d40\u2d30\u2d4d\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d63\u2d54\u2d30\u2d61\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d4f\u2d4e\u2d4d \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d56\u2d53\u2d54\u2d49\u2d61\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d4f\u2d3c\u2d4d\u2d30\u2d62\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d59\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d49\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d53\u2d4f\u2d49\u2d4f (EHESS) \u2d37 \u2d53\u2d33\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d4e \u2d33 \u2d53\u2d59\u2d30\u2d54\u2d4e \u2d4f \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d3c\u2d33\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d53\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d56\u2d49\u2d61\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d4f \u2d3c\u2d55\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5a\u2d30.<\/p>\n

\u2d33 10 \u2d31\u2d55\u2d30\u2d62\u2d55 2033, \u2d5c\u2d33\u2d30 \u2d5c\u2d59\u2d44\u2d37\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d62\u2d30\u2d59\u2d49\u2d4f \u2d30\u2d33\u2d4e\u2d30\u2d4e \u2d33 \u2d5c\u2d3d\u2d30\u2d37\u2d49\u2d4e\u2d49\u2d5c \u2d5c\u2d30\u2d4e\u2d31\u2d55\u2d53\u2d65\u2d62\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d5c \u2d33 \u2d4e\u2d53\u2d4d\u2d30\u2d4f\u2d53 \u2d4f\u2d4f\u2d30 \u2d56\u2d53\u2d54 \u2d30\u2d61\u2d5c\u2d5c\u2d30\u2d59 \u2d4f \u2d53\u2d59\u2d37\u2d53\u2d59 \u2d37 \u2d53\u2d59\u2d4f\u2d3c\u2d4d \u2d30\u2d37\u2d4d\u2d59\u2d30\u2d4f.<\/p>\n

\u2d44\u2d31\u2d37\u2d4d\u2d61\u2d30\u2d43\u2d37 \u2d31\u2d53\u2d5c\u2d31\u2d30\u2d56\u2d30 – Abdelouahid boutbagha<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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